As a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), The journal maintains a strict stance on publication ethics violations, and editorial staff are instructed to handle such cases with unwavering rigor. We employ a zero-tolerance policy against plagiarism, data falsification, and other ethical breaches. All submissions undergo plagiarism detection to ensure originality. To ensure the authenticity of submissions, the journal employs iThenticate software to compare manuscripts against an extensive database of previously published works.